Friday, August 7, 2015

Concept of Migration

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Recently interest in the extent, causes and selectivity of migration has increased, the consequences of migration particularly,
- rural to urban
-urban to rural
- rural to rural
- urban to urban
have received attention.
This is true of both the developing & developed countries.
On the positive side, rural-urban migration is recognized as a necessary concomitant of industrialization & urbanization.
On the negative side, it is feared that urbanization may be running ahead of growth of economy.
The problem of masses of unemployed & under-employed migrants faces crisis in cities, towns, and the social & economic consequences of these have become the focus of attention.
The study of migration is also important for the reasons apart from the social & economic consequences.
Already we know that migration is a component of population change. Migration in fact is one of the most complex of the basic demographic variables. Like death, it can occur at any age.
Migration can affect the growth & decline of population by influencing fertility & mortality of the origin & destination.
As for example, it can influence birth rates by altering the proportions of women of childbearing ages in the population.
Migration can also affect the characteristics of the labour force of the areas of origin & destination.
Migration data are required together with census data & vital statistics for the analyses of changes in the structure of an area and for the assessment of other basic characteristics.
The contribution of migration to growth can therefore be either positive or negative.

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